Terms A-Z

The educational participation rate refers to the percentage of people in any given age group who are pursuing a qualification ... at a certain level (e.g. university degree or training under the dual system).

The education budget displays the whole public and private expenditure on education. This includes personnel expenditure, ... operating expenditure and capital spending for the entire area of education (pre-primary education, out-of-school youth education, schools and institutions of higher education, continuing education). Depreciation, financing costs, hours lost due to continuing education of staff, training allowances and pensions for retired education staff are not included. Public spending under the Federal Training Assistance Act (BAföG), on retraining, transport for students etc. is substantiated within the framework of educational funding. The financial contribution of the central, regional and local authorities (Federal Government, Länder and municipalities) to the education budget can be viewed in two different ways – according to the concept of "initial funds" or the concept of "final funds". In the "initial funds" concept, the financial transactions between the central, regional and local authorities are taken into account. The concept of "final funds" does not take financial transactions between the central, regional and local authorities into consideration. The distinction between "initial funds" and "final funds" does not affect the total volume of public spending for the area of education. Nor do transactions between public budgets affect financial contributions from private sources, from abroad, or the total volume of the education budget.

see International means

The European Union comprises the following 27 member states: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, ... Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, the Slovak Republic , Slovenia, Spain and Sweden. The United Kingdom left the EU on 31 January 2020.

EU19 refers to the 15 member states of the European Union before the enlargement of 1 May 2004 plus four Eastern European OECD countries (Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia).

EU21 refers to all EU member states including the United Kingdom that are also members of the OECD. Not included are Bulgaria, Croatia, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Romania and Cyprus.

EU22 refers to the EU member states including the United Kingdom that are also members of the OECD. Not included are Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Lithuania, Malta, and Romania.

After the United Kingdom left the European Union, EU22 refers to all EU countries that are also members of the OECD. Not included are Bulgaria, Croatia, Malta, Romania, the United Kingdom and Cyprus.

EU23 refers to all EU member states including the United Kingdom that are also members of the OECD. Not included are Bulgaria, Croatia, Malta, Romania and Cyprus.

EU25 refers to all EU member states that are members or accession countries of the OECD. Not included are Malta and Cyprus.